Turbine design involves creating machines that convert fluid energy into mechanical energy. This process is essential in various applications, including power generation and aviation. Key components of a turbine include the rotor, blades, and casing, which work together to harness energy from wind, water, or steam. Engineers focus on optimizing the shape and materials of the blades to improve efficiency and performance. Advanced computer simulations and testing methods help refine designs, ensuring that turbines can withstand operational stresses while maximizing energy output. Effective turbine design is crucial for sustainable energy solutions, such as those found in wind energy and hydroelectric power.