A hydraulic turbine is a machine that converts the energy of flowing or falling water into mechanical energy. It is commonly used in hydroelectric power plants to generate electricity. The water's kinetic energy turns the turbine blades, which are connected to a generator that produces electrical power. There are different types of hydraulic turbines, including Francis, Pelton, and Kaplan turbines, each designed for specific water flow conditions. These turbines are essential for harnessing renewable energy from water sources, making them a key component in sustainable energy production.