The Trolley Problem is a thought experiment in ethics and moral psychology. It presents a scenario where a person must choose between two difficult options: diverting a runaway trolley onto a track where it will kill one person instead of five. This dilemma raises questions about utilitarianism, which focuses on maximizing overall happiness, versus deontological ethics, which emphasizes the morality of actions regardless of their outcomes. This problem has been widely discussed in philosophy, psychology, and even artificial intelligence. It challenges individuals to consider their moral principles and the implications of their choices, highlighting the complexities of human decision-making in life-and-death situations.