Transporters
Transporters are specialized proteins found in cell membranes that facilitate the movement of substances across the membrane. They play a crucial role in transporting ions, nutrients, and other molecules into and out of cells, ensuring that essential compounds are available for cellular functions.
These proteins can operate through various mechanisms, including passive transport, which does not require energy, and active transport, which requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient. Transporters are vital for maintaining homeostasis and supporting processes such as cellular respiration and nutrient absorption.