Transplant complications refer to issues that can arise after an organ transplant, affecting the success of the procedure. Common complications include rejection, where the recipient's immune system attacks the new organ, and infection, due to the immunosuppressive medications that prevent rejection but also lower the body's ability to fight off germs. Other complications may involve graft failure, where the transplanted organ does not function properly, and vascular complications, which can affect blood flow to the organ. Regular monitoring and follow-up care are essential to manage these risks and ensure the best possible outcome for transplant recipients.