A Train Management System (TMS) is a technology used by rail operators to monitor and control train operations. It helps in scheduling trains, managing routes, and ensuring safety by tracking train locations in real-time. This system enhances efficiency by optimizing train movements and reducing delays. TMS integrates various components, including signal systems, track sensors, and communication networks. By collecting data from these sources, it provides operators with valuable insights for decision-making. This leads to improved service reliability and better resource management, ultimately benefiting both operators and passengers.