Togaviridae is a family of viruses known for their single-stranded RNA genomes. These viruses are typically enveloped, meaning they have a lipid membrane surrounding their genetic material. The family includes important human and animal pathogens, such as the Rubella virus, which causes rubella, and the Chikungunya virus, known for causing fever and joint pain. Members of the Togaviridae family are primarily transmitted through arthropod vectors, particularly mosquitoes. They can lead to various diseases, often characterized by fever, rash, and other symptoms. Understanding Togaviridae is crucial for public health, especially in controlling outbreaks and developing vaccines.