Thyroid dysfunction refers to a condition where the thyroid gland, located in the neck, does not produce the right amount of hormones. This can lead to two main types of disorders: hypothyroidism, where the gland is underactive and produces too little hormone, and hyperthyroidism, where it is overactive and produces too much. These hormones are crucial for regulating metabolism, energy levels, and overall bodily functions. Symptoms of thyroid dysfunction can vary widely. In hypothyroidism, individuals may experience fatigue, weight gain, and sensitivity to cold, while those with hyperthyroidism might feel anxious, lose weight, and have increased heart rates. Proper diagnosis and treatment are essential for managing these conditions effectively.