Thread Pooling is a programming technique used to manage a group of pre-initialized threads for executing tasks. Instead of creating and destroying threads for each task, which can be time-consuming, a pool of threads is maintained. When a task needs to be executed, a thread from the pool is assigned to it, allowing for efficient resource use and faster execution. This approach is particularly useful in applications that require handling multiple tasks simultaneously, such as web servers or database connections. By reusing threads, Thread Pooling reduces overhead and improves performance, making it a popular choice in concurrent programming.