The thoracic cage is a bony structure that encases the chest area, providing protection for vital organs such as the heart and lungs. It is primarily composed of the ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae. The ribs are curved bones that extend from the spine and connect to the sternum at the front, forming a protective barrier. In addition to protection, the thoracic cage plays a crucial role in respiration. It expands and contracts during breathing, allowing the lungs to fill with air and expel carbon dioxide. The movement of the thoracic cage is essential for efficient breathing and overall respiratory function.