Thomas Rowley was a fictional character created by the English poet Thomas Chatterton in the 18th century. Chatterton wrote a series of poems attributed to Rowley, claiming they were ancient works from the 15th century. This literary hoax gained attention and sparked debates about authenticity in literature. Rowley's poems, written in a mock medieval style, showcased themes of love, religion, and social issues. The controversy surrounding Rowley contributed to discussions about forgery and literary criticism, influencing future writers and the perception of historical texts. Chatterton's work ultimately highlighted the complexities of authorship and creativity.