Thomas Carlyle was a Scottish philosopher, historian, and essayist born on December 4, 1795. He is best known for his works such as Sartor Resartus and The French Revolution: A History, which explore themes of society, history, and individualism. Carlyle's writing style is characterized by its passionate and often dramatic tone, reflecting his deep engagement with the issues of his time. Carlyle was also a prominent critic of the industrial revolution and its effects on society. He believed in the importance of strong leadership and moral integrity, often emphasizing the role of great individuals in shaping history. His ideas influenced many thinkers and writers, including Friedrich Nietzsche and Leo Tolstoy.