Theropithecus is a genus of primates that includes the modern gelada, a species found in the Ethiopian highlands. These animals are known for their unique social structures and distinctive physical features, such as their long hair and red chest patches. They primarily feed on grasses and are well-adapted to their mountainous habitat. Fossil evidence suggests that Theropithecus once had a wider distribution, with species found in various parts of Africa and even parts of Asia. Their evolutionary history provides insights into the adaptations of primates to different environments and the development of social behaviors in Old World monkeys.