Thermodynamic properties are characteristics of a system that describe its energy and matter interactions. These properties include temperature, pressure, volume, and internal energy, which help in understanding how systems behave under different conditions. They are essential for analyzing processes in fields like engineering, chemistry, and physics. These properties can be classified into two main categories: intensive and extensive. Intensive properties, such as temperature and pressure, do not depend on the amount of substance present, while extensive properties, like volume and mass, do depend on the quantity of material. Understanding these properties is crucial for predicting how systems will respond to changes in their environment.