Thermal pollution occurs when industries or power plants release heated water into natural water bodies, raising the temperature of the water. This process can disrupt local ecosystems, as many aquatic species are sensitive to temperature changes. Warmer water holds less oxygen, which can harm fish and other organisms that rely on oxygen-rich environments. Additionally, thermal pollution can lead to the growth of harmful algae blooms, which can further deplete oxygen levels and produce toxins. Efforts to mitigate thermal pollution often involve cooling systems or the use of cooling towers to reduce the temperature of water before it is discharged into rivers or lakes.