Thermal decomposition is a chemical process where a compound breaks down into simpler substances when heated. This reaction often requires a specific temperature to occur and can produce gases, liquids, or solids as byproducts. Common examples include the breakdown of calcium carbonate into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide when heated. This process is important in various fields, including chemistry and materials science. It is used in the production of materials like cement and in the recycling of certain compounds. Understanding thermal decomposition helps scientists and engineers develop better methods for material processing and waste management.