The Theban Cycle is a collection of ancient Greek myths and legends centered around the city of Thebes. It primarily focuses on the stories of the royal family, particularly the tragic fate of Oedipus and his descendants. Key tales include Oedipus Rex, where Oedipus unknowingly kills his father and marries his mother, and the subsequent downfall of his children, Antigone and Polynices. These myths explore themes of fate, free will, and the consequences of human actions. The Theban Cycle is significant in Greek literature and has influenced many works, highlighting the complexities of family loyalty and moral dilemmas in the face of destiny.