The Templars, officially known as the {Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon}, were a medieval Christian military order founded around 1119. Their primary mission was to protect pilgrims traveling to the {Holy Land} during the {Crusades}. The Templars became known for their distinctive white mantles adorned with a red cross and gained significant wealth and power through donations and land acquisitions. Over time, the Templars developed a complex financial system, acting as early bankers. However, their influence led to suspicion, and in 1307, King {Philip IV of France} ordered their arrest, accusing them of heresy. The order was officially disbanded by Pope {Clement V} in 1312, marking the end of their prominence in medieval Europe.