The Standard Model is a fundamental theory in physics that describes the basic building blocks of matter and the forces that govern their interactions. It includes elementary particles such as quarks, leptons, and bosons, which are the smallest known constituents of the universe. The model explains how these particles interact through three of the four known fundamental forces: the electromagnetic force, the weak nuclear force, and the strong nuclear force. One of the key components of the Standard Model is the Higgs boson, which is responsible for giving mass to other particles through the Higgs field. Although the Standard Model has been successful in explaining many phenomena, it does not incorporate gravity, which is described by general relativity, nor does it account for dark matter and dark energy, leaving some questions unanswered in modern physics.