"The Scarlet Empress" is a 1934 historical drama film directed by Josef von Sternberg. It stars Marlene Dietrich as Catherine the Great, the Empress of Russia. The film portrays her rise to power, showcasing her intelligence and ambition in a male-dominated society. The film is known for its lavish production design and striking cinematography, which create a visually stunning representation of 18th-century Russia. It combines elements of biography and fantasy, emphasizing the dramatic and often tumultuous events of Catherine's life, including her relationships and political maneuvers.