"The Last of the Tsars" refers to the final ruling family of Russia, the Romanovs, who reigned from 1613 until the Russian Revolution in 1917. The last Tsar, Nicholas II, and his family were overthrown during a period of political upheaval and social unrest, leading to the establishment of a communist government. The Romanov family, including Alexandra (Nicholas's wife) and their five children, were executed by Bolsheviks in July 1918. Their tragic end marked the conclusion of over three centuries of imperial rule in Russia, significantly impacting the country's history and shaping its future.