The Indian Renaissance refers to a period of cultural, social, and intellectual revival in India during the 19th and early 20th centuries. This movement aimed to reform and modernize Indian society, drawing inspiration from both traditional Indian values and Western ideas. Key figures included Raja Ram Mohan Roy, who advocated for social reforms, and Swami Vivekananda, who promoted Hindu philosophy and spirituality. This era also saw significant developments in literature, art, and education. The emergence of modern Indian literature, exemplified by writers like Rabindranath Tagore, and the establishment of educational institutions contributed to a growing national consciousness. The Indian Renaissance laid the groundwork for the later struggle for independence.