"The Burial of Saint Petronius" is a significant artwork created by the Italian painter Giovanni Francesco Barbieri, known as Guercino, in the 17th century. This painting depicts the funeral of Saint Petronius, the patron saint of Bologna, showcasing the somber atmosphere surrounding the event. The composition features various figures mourning and paying their respects, highlighting the emotional weight of the moment. The artwork is characterized by its dramatic use of light and shadow, a technique known as chiaroscuro, which enhances the depth and realism of the scene. Guercino's attention to detail and expressive figures contribute to the overall impact of the painting, making it a notable example of Baroque art.