Tertiary treatment is the final stage of wastewater treatment, aimed at removing remaining contaminants after primary and secondary treatments. This process often involves advanced filtration, chemical treatment, or biological methods to eliminate nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as pathogens. The goal is to produce high-quality effluent that can be safely released into the environment or reused for purposes such as irrigation or industrial processes. This treatment is essential for protecting water bodies and public health. By ensuring that treated water meets strict quality standards, tertiary treatment helps reduce pollution and supports sustainable water management practices.