Secondary treatment is a crucial step in the wastewater treatment process. It involves the biological breakdown of organic matter in sewage using microorganisms. During this stage, bacteria and other microbes consume the organic pollutants, converting them into simpler substances. This process significantly reduces the amount of harmful materials in the water. After the biological treatment, the water undergoes clarification, where solids settle out, and the treated water is separated. This step helps to further purify the water before it is released into the environment or undergoes additional treatment. Secondary treatment is essential for protecting ecosystems and public health.