Tensor Cores are specialized processing units found in certain NVIDIA graphics cards, designed to accelerate deep learning and artificial intelligence tasks. They perform matrix operations, which are fundamental to neural network computations, significantly speeding up the training and inference processes. These cores can handle mixed-precision calculations, allowing them to efficiently process both FP16 (16-bit floating point) and FP32 (32-bit floating point) data. This capability enables faster performance while maintaining accuracy, making Tensor Cores essential for developers working on advanced machine learning applications.