Tenebrism is a painting technique characterized by the use of strong contrasts between light and dark. This style emphasizes dramatic illumination, often spotlighting a subject against a dark background. It creates a sense of depth and volume, enhancing the emotional impact of the artwork. The term is closely associated with the works of Caravaggio, who effectively employed this technique in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. Tenebrism became a hallmark of the Baroque period, influencing many artists who sought to evoke intense feelings and highlight the human experience through stark lighting effects.