The Temperance Movement was a social and political campaign that emerged in the 19th century, primarily in the United States and Europe. Its main goal was to reduce or eliminate the consumption of alcoholic beverages, which many believed led to social problems such as crime, poverty, and family issues. Advocates argued that alcohol was harmful to individuals and society, promoting healthier lifestyles and moral values. The movement gained significant traction, leading to the establishment of various organizations, such as the Women's Christian Temperance Union and the Anti-Saloon League. These groups played a crucial role in advocating for laws against alcohol, culminating in the passage of the 18th Amendment in 1919, which initiated Prohibition in the United States.