Television Audience Measurement refers to the methods used to determine how many people are watching a particular TV program. This process helps networks and advertisers understand viewer preferences and behaviors. Companies like Nielsen use various techniques, including surveys and electronic devices, to collect data on audience size and demographics. The information gathered from these measurements is crucial for programming decisions and advertising strategies. By analyzing viewer ratings, networks can decide which shows to renew or cancel, while advertisers can target their campaigns more effectively. Accurate audience measurement ensures that both content creators and advertisers can reach their intended audiences.