Taylorism, also known as scientific management, is a theory of management that analyzes workflows to improve efficiency. Developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor in the early 20th century, it emphasizes breaking down tasks into smaller, standardized parts. This approach aims to increase productivity by optimizing each step of the work process. The principles of Taylorism include time studies, standardization of tools and tasks, and the selection and training of workers for specific roles. By applying these methods, organizations can reduce waste and enhance output, leading to greater profitability and efficiency in various industries.