The Taung Skull is a fossilized skull of a young hominin discovered in 1924 in Taung, South Africa. It is significant because it represents one of the earliest known ancestors of modern humans, classified as Australopithecus africanus. The skull is about 2.8 million years old and provides important insights into human evolution. The discovery of the Taung Skull was made by Raymond Dart, who recognized its importance in understanding the development of bipedalism and brain size in early hominins. The skull features a small braincase and a forward-positioned foramen magnum, indicating that this species walked upright, a key trait in human evolution.