The tarsal bones are a group of seven small bones located in the foot, forming the ankle and the back part of the foot. They play a crucial role in providing stability and support while allowing for movement. The tarsal bones include the talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, and three cuneiform bones. These bones work together to connect the foot to the leg and help absorb shock during walking and running. The tarsal bones also form joints with the metatarsals and contribute to the overall structure and function of the foot, enabling various activities.