The Tanzanian Revolution occurred in January 1964, leading to the overthrow of the ruling Sultan of Zanzibar, Jamal bin Mohammed and his Arab-led government. The revolution was primarily driven by the Zanzibari people, who were largely of African descent and sought to end the social and economic inequalities that marginalized them. Following the revolution, the new government, led by Julius Nyerere, aimed to unify Zanzibar with the mainland territory of Tanganyika, forming the United Republic of Tanzania. The revolution significantly altered the political landscape, promoting policies of socialism and self-reliance in the newly established nation.