The tallest people in recorded history have often captured public interest. The tallest man ever documented was Robert Wadlow, who reached a height of 8 feet 11 inches (272 cm) before his death in 1940. His extraordinary height was due to an overactive pituitary gland, which caused excessive growth hormone production. In modern times, individuals like Sultan Kösen hold the title of the tallest living person, measuring 8 feet 2.8 inches (251 cm). Height can be influenced by genetics, nutrition, and health conditions, making these extraordinary individuals rare and fascinating examples of human diversity.