The Taira clan was a powerful samurai family in Japan during the late Heian period (794-1185). They were known for their military prowess and played a significant role in the Genpei War, a conflict between the Taira and the Minamoto clan that ultimately led to the rise of the Kamakura shogunate. The Taira clan's most famous leader was Taira no Kiyomori, who expanded their influence and wealth. However, their power declined after their defeat at the Battle of Dan-no-ura in 1185, marking the end of their dominance and the beginning of the Minamoto's rule in Japan.