Feudal Japan, which lasted from the 12th to the 19th century, was characterized by a hierarchical system of land ownership and loyalty. At the top was the Emperor, but real power lay with the Shogun, who ruled through a network of Daimyo (feudal lords) and their samurai warriors. This period saw the rise of a warrior class and a culture rich in art, philosophy, and martial traditions. During this time, Japan was divided into various domains, each governed by a Daimyo. The samurai followed a strict code of honor known as Bushido, emphasizing loyalty, bravery, and discipline. Feudal Japan's unique social structure and cultural achievements have left a lasting legacy on modern Japanese society.