The P53 protein is a crucial tumor suppressor found in humans. It plays a significant role in regulating the cell cycle, helping to prevent the formation of tumors by repairing DNA damage or initiating cell death if the damage is irreparable. This function is vital for maintaining the integrity of the genome. Mutations in the TP53 gene, which encodes the P53 protein, are commonly associated with various cancers. When P53 is dysfunctional, cells can grow uncontrollably, leading to tumor development. Thus, understanding P53 is essential for cancer research and potential therapies.