TGF-beta Signaling Pathway
The TGF-beta signaling pathway is a crucial cellular communication system that regulates various biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and immune responses. It is initiated when Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-beta) binds to its receptors on the cell surface, leading to the activation of intracellular signaling proteins known as SMADs. These proteins then translocate to the nucleus to influence gene expression.
This pathway plays a significant role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and regulating inflammation. Dysregulation of the TGF-beta signaling pathway can contribute to various diseases, including cancer and fibrosis, highlighting its importance in health and disease management.