The Swiss Confederacy is a historical alliance of independent regions in central Europe, known today as Switzerland. It began in the late 13th century when three cantons—Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden—formed a defensive pact against external threats. Over time, more regions joined, leading to a loose confederation that emphasized mutual defense and cooperation. By the 16th century, the Swiss Confederacy had evolved into a more structured political entity, with a focus on neutrality and independence. This unique status allowed Switzerland to avoid involvement in major European conflicts, contributing to its reputation as a peaceful nation and a hub for diplomacy.