Swiss cantons are the individual states that make up the Swiss Confederation. There are 26 cantons in total, each with its own constitution, government, and laws. They vary in size, population, and culture, reflecting the diverse nature of Switzerland. Each canton has a degree of autonomy, allowing it to manage local affairs such as education, healthcare, and transportation. The cantons also play a significant role in the federal government, as they are represented in the Swiss Federal Assembly. This system promotes regional governance while maintaining national unity.