Bern is the capital city of Switzerland, known for its well-preserved medieval architecture and charming old town, which is a UNESCO World Heritage site. The city is situated along the Aare River and features beautiful parks, historic buildings, and the iconic Zytglogge clock tower. The population of Bern is around 130,000 residents, making it one of the smaller capitals in Europe. It serves as the political center of Switzerland, housing the Federal Palace, where the Swiss government meets. Bern is also recognized for its cultural institutions, including museums and theaters, contributing to its vibrant atmosphere.