A surge refers to a sudden and powerful increase in something, often seen in contexts like electricity, water flow, or demand for products. For example, an electrical surge can occur when there is a sudden spike in voltage, potentially damaging appliances and devices. In economics, a surge in demand can happen when consumers suddenly want more of a product, often due to trends or seasonal changes. This can lead to shortages if supply cannot keep up. Understanding surges is important for managing resources effectively in various fields, including energy, water management, and market economics.