The Sultanate of Zanzibar was a historical state located on the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba off the east coast of Africa. It was established in the late 17th century and became a significant center for trade, particularly in spices, ivory, and slaves. The sultanate was known for its rich culture, influenced by Arab, Persian, and African traditions. In the 19th century, the Sultanate of Zanzibar reached its peak under Sultan Sayyid Said, who expanded its influence and trade networks. However, it faced challenges from European colonial powers and eventually fell under British control in the late 19th century, leading to its dissolution in 1964.