Sultan Qutuz was a prominent leader of the Mamluk Sultanate in Egypt during the 13th century. He is best known for his role in defending Egypt against the Mongol invasions, particularly during the Battle of Ain Jalut in 1260, where his forces achieved a significant victory. This battle marked a turning point in the struggle against Mongol expansion into the Middle East. Qutuz ascended to power after a period of political instability and was instrumental in consolidating Mamluk authority. His reign, though short-lived, was marked by efforts to strengthen the military and improve governance. He was assassinated in 1260, shortly after his victory, leading to the rise of his successor, Sultan Baibars.