Sultan Agung was the third ruler of the Mataram Sultanate in Java, Indonesia, reigning from 1613 to 1645. He is known for his efforts to expand the sultanate's territory and influence, as well as for his military campaigns against the Dutch East India Company. His reign marked a significant period of consolidation and cultural development in the region. Under Sultan Agung's leadership, the Mataram Sultanate became a powerful state in Java. He promoted agriculture, trade, and the arts, fostering a rich cultural environment. Sultan Agung is also remembered for his attempts to unify the various Javanese kingdoms and strengthen Islamic practices in the region.