Sukarno was the first President of Indonesia, serving from 1945 until 1967. He played a crucial role in the country's struggle for independence from Dutch colonial rule and was a key figure in the formation of the Indonesian state. Sukarno was known for his charismatic leadership and his vision of a united Indonesia, promoting nationalism and anti-colonialism. During his presidency, Sukarno implemented various social and economic reforms, aiming to modernize the country. However, his rule faced challenges, including political instability and economic difficulties. In 1965, a coup attempt led to his eventual ousting, and he was replaced by Suharto, marking the beginning of a new era in Indonesian politics.