The Sudanese People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) is a political and military organization founded in 1983 to fight for the rights and autonomy of the southern Sudanese people. It emerged during the Second Sudanese Civil War, advocating for self-determination and addressing issues of marginalization and inequality faced by the southern regions of Sudan. In 2005, the SPLM signed a peace agreement with the Sudanese government, leading to the establishment of the Government of Southern Sudan. This eventually paved the way for the independence of South Sudan in 2011, making the SPLM a significant player in the region's history and politics.