The Subset Sum Problem is a classic problem in computer science and mathematics. It involves determining whether a subset of a given set of integers can sum up to a specific target value. For example, if you have a set of numbers like 3, 34, 4, 12, 5, 2 and a target sum of 9, the problem asks if any combination of these numbers can add up to 9. This problem is significant in fields like cryptography and resource allocation. It is known to be NP-complete, meaning that there is no known efficient algorithm to solve all instances of the problem quickly. Various approaches, such as dynamic programming and backtracking, are often used to find solutions.