Subfields are specialized areas within a broader discipline that focus on specific topics or methods. For example, in the field of biology, subfields include microbiology, which studies microorganisms, and ecology, which examines the relationships between organisms and their environments. These subfields allow researchers to delve deeper into particular aspects of a subject. Each subfield often has its own set of theories, techniques, and terminology. In psychology, for instance, subfields like clinical psychology and cognitive psychology explore different dimensions of human behavior and mental processes. This specialization helps advance knowledge and fosters innovation within the larger field.