Strumming patterns are rhythmic sequences used in playing stringed instruments like the guitar. They dictate how a player strikes the strings, creating a specific feel and groove for a song. Common patterns include downstrokes, upstrokes, or a combination of both, which can vary in speed and intensity. These patterns are essential for accompanying melodies and can enhance the overall sound of a piece. Musicians often practice different strumming patterns to develop their timing and coordination, making it easier to play various genres, from folk to rock and pop.